Unveiling the hidden players: noncoding RNAs orchestrating polyamine metabolism in disease

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Cellular Physiology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Polyamines (PA) are essential polycations involved in cellular homeostasis, proliferation, and fundamental processes like DNA transcription and RNA translation.
• Dysregulation of PA levels is implicated in inflammation, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and cancer progression.
• Intracellular PA levels are tightly regulated by uptake, biosynthesis, and catabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating polyamine (PA) genes.
• To emphasize alterations in ncRNA-mediated PA gene regulation in health disorders.
• To highlight the significance of ncRNAs in maintaining cellular PA balance.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their interaction with polyamine (PA) metabolic enzymes.
• Analysis of studies investigating the role of microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circRNAs in PA gene regulation.
• Examination of pathological conditions where ncRNA-mediated PA modulation is altered.

Main Results:

• Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are emerging as key regulators of polyamine (PA) metabolic enzymes.
• Alterations in ncRNA expression patterns are frequently observed in pathological conditions such as cancer and brain diseases.
• ncRNAs fine-tune PA homeostasis by modulating gene expression and mRNA metabolism.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs play a critical role in the intricate regulation of polyamine (PA) metabolism.
• Understanding ncRNA-PA gene interactions offers insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies.
• Further research into ncRNA modulation of PA pathways is essential for addressing various health disorders.