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Related Concept Videos

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

180
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
180
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

405
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
405

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
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Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

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Cocaine-Induced Toxic Leukoencephalopathy: A Case Report.

Zachary Ellis1, Cody Stalnaker2, Kelley Bellia1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Baptist Memorial Hospital, Oxford, USA.

Cureus
|June 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cocaine-induced leukoencephalopathy, a rare neurological condition, can mimic stroke symptoms. This case highlights supportive treatment leading to significant patient improvement.

Keywords:
cocaine toxicitycocaine usedrug and substance abuselevamisoletoxic leukoencephalopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cocaine abuse is a significant public health issue with diverse neurological complications.
  • Leukoencephalopathy is an increasingly recognized, yet poorly understood, consequence of cocaine toxicity.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old male presented with acute, stroke-like symptoms including agitation.
  • Neurological and infectious workups, including extensive brain imaging, ruled out other etiologies.
  • The patient had a confirmed history of cocaine and cannabinoid abuse.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis of exclusion: acute cocaine-induced toxic leukoencephalopathy.
  • Treatment focused on supportive care, differing from other reported modalities like steroids or plasma exchange.
  • The patient demonstrated marked clinical improvement during hospitalization.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering cocaine-induced leukoencephalopathy in patients with stroke-like symptoms and a history of substance abuse.
  • Highlights the potential efficacy of supportive treatment strategies for this condition.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the pathophysiology and optimal management of cocaine-induced leukoencephalopathy.