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Published on: December 20, 2024
Influence of the Advanced One-Step Mixing System Under Non-Vacuum on the Mechanical Properties of Acrylic Bone Cement
Jillian V Schommer1,1, Alexander Cm Chong2,2, Troy D Erickson1
1School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.
Background:
The specific aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of cement prepared with the advanced one-step mixing system and whether the addition of vacuum conditions yielded an appreciable improvement in the biomechanical strength or overall quality of bone cement.
Methods:
The advanced one-step mixing system was used. Twelve specimens were prepared by mixing under vacuum conditions and 12 specimens were prepared by mixing without a vacuum. Radiographs of cement specimens were analyzed to determine the porosity of the test region. Tensile testing of the specimens was performed with a loading rate of 2.54mm/min at room temperature. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the tensile elastic modulus (E) were determined for each sample.
Results:
The UTS of the bone cement samples mixed under vacuum conditions were not significantly different than those mixed without vacuum (vacuum: 39±6MPa; non-vacuum: 35±6MPa; p=0.637). The E of samples mixed under vacuum conditions was significantly higher than the bone cement mixed without vacuum (vacuum: 2.78±0.06GPa; non-vacuum: 2.63±0.15GPa; p=0.019). Radiographic images showed samples mixed under vacuum conditions contained fewer defects than the samples mixed without vacuum (vacuum: 3.5%±3.3% (range: 0.0%-9.0%); non-vacuum: 6.9%±1.0% (range: 4.6%-8.2%)).
Conclusion:
Mixing bone cement with the advanced one-step mixing system under vacuum conditions does not produce an appreciable difference in the UTS of the bone cement in a bench biomechanical testing model compared to the bone cement mixed without vacuum. It does, however, create a less porous cement mixture with a higher E compared to cement mixed without vacuum. Level of Evidence: V.
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