Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

848
An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
848
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

8.6K
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
8.6K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

281
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
281
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

3.0K
Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
3.0K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

644
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
644
Biot-Savart Law: Problem-Solving00:59

Biot-Savart Law: Problem-Solving

2.6K
The magnitude and direction of a magnetic field created by a steady current can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Consider a mobile phone battery bank as a source of steady current, which flows through the wire connected between the two. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field created by this current at a field point P?
To estimate the magnitude of the total magnetic field, we first consider a small current element of length dl, at a distance r from the field point. Now the following...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and validation of an E2 based indirect ELISA for serological detection of porcine Getah virus.

Veterinary research communications·2026
Same author

Pneumoconiosis screening and classification using deep learning models.

Occupational and environmental medicine·2026
Same authorSame journal

Generating R2<sup>*</sup> maps from T1W and T2W images using image-to-image translation for Parkinson's disease.

Medical physics·2026
Same author

Cattle and human organoids reveal 2.3.4.4b H5N1 cross-species transmission potential and neuraminidase-specific neutralizing antibodies in humans.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Thermal Ablation Therapy Integrated with Microenvironment Regulation and Anti-Inflammatory Effects for Choroidal Neovascularization.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Digit-tracking reveals curiosity-driven visual attention in macaque monkeys.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.3K

Development of an algorithm for proton dose calculation in magnetic fields.

Yue Gu1, Yuxiang Wang1,2, Meiqi Liu1

  • 1Department of Engineering and Applied Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Medical Physics
|June 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new algorithm, PRIDE, accurately calculates proton radiation dose in magnetic fields up to 3.0 T for MRI-guided proton therapy. This advancement enhances treatment precision for patients undergoing MR-guided proton therapy (MRPT).

Keywords:
MRI‐guided proton therapymagnetic fieldsproton dose calculation

More Related Videos

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.8K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

20.3K
Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.8K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Computational Imaging

Background:

  • Proton therapy offers advantages that can be amplified by integrating online magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance.
  • A significant hurdle in implementing MRI-guided proton therapy (MRPT) is the precise calculation of radiation dose within magnetic fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient and accurate algorithm for calculating proton dose in the presence of magnetic fields.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Proton and Ion Dose Engine (PRIDE), an analytical-numerical algorithm combining the pencil beam algorithm (PBA) with iterative voxel-based ray-tracing.
  • Validated PRIDE's accuracy against Monte Carlo (MC) simulations on phantoms and practical treatment plans across magnetic field strengths up to 3.0 T.
  • Employed global gamma index criteria (2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm) for quantitative comparison.

Main Results:

  • PRIDE demonstrated excellent agreement with MC simulations (gamma passing rates >99% for 2%/2 mm at 1.5 T) in homogeneous and slab heterogeneous phantoms.
  • Accuracy remained high (>98% for 2%/2 mm) even at 3.0 T and 240 MeV, despite a slight decrease.
  • Practical plans in varying magnetic fields achieved >98% and >99% passing rates for 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The PRIDE algorithm provides efficient and accurate proton dose calculations in magnetic fields up to 3.0 T.
  • PRIDE is poised to be a valuable tool for dose calculation in MRI-guided proton therapy (MRPT).