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Infant feeding and criticality in children

Lauren R Sorce1,2, Lisa A Asaro3, Martha A Q Curley4,5

  • 1Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Nursing in Critical Care
|June 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Human breast milk feeding did not impact illness severity in critically ill infants with acute respiratory failure. However, exclusive human breast milk (HBM) feeding showed a trend toward faster recovery from respiratory failure.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Neonatal nutrition
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • Human breast milk (HBM) is known to protect against acute illness in infants.
  • The impact of HBM feeding on the criticality and recovery of infants with acute respiratory failure (ARF) is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between early HBM feeding and illness severity and recovery in critically ill children requiring mechanical ventilation for ARF.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving mothers of infants aged 1-36 months who were part of the RESTORE clinical trial.
  • Infants required intubation and mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure.
  • Mothers completed a survey on HBM intake during the first month of life.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in illness severity on pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission or pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) severity were observed between infants receiving exclusive HBM (90%-100%) and those who did not.
  • While infants receiving exclusive HBM showed a trend toward a 1-day reduction in recovery time from ARF, this difference was not statistically significant.
  • The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III-12 scores and moderate/severe PARDS rates were similar between the exclusive HBM and non-exclusive HBM groups.

Conclusions:

  • Early human breast milk feeding dose was not associated with illness severity upon PICU admission for children with ARF requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • While not statistically significant, exclusive HBM feeding demonstrated a clinically relevant trend towards faster recovery from ARF, supporting its continued promotion by healthcare professionals.
Abstract

Keywords:
breastfeedinghuman milk feedingmother's own milk feedingrespiratory failureseverity of illness

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