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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
41.4K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

118.2K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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Piperazinium Poly(Ionic Liquid)s as Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries.

Antonela Gallastegui1, Gabriele Lingua1, Naroa Lopez-Larrea1

  • 1POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, 20018, Spain.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|June 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New poly(ionic liquid)s offer promising energy storage solutions. These piperazinium polymer electrolytes demonstrate high ionic conductivity and excellent lithium metal compatibility for advanced batteries.

Keywords:
batteriespiperazinepiperaziniumpoly(ionic liquid)ssolid electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(ionic liquid)s integrate ionic liquids properties into polymers for energy storage.
  • Ionic liquids (ILs) offer unique characteristics for electrochemical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Synthesize and characterize novel poly(ionic liquid)s based on piperazinium monomers.
  • Evaluate their potential as solid polymer electrolytes for energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of cationic poly(acrylamide piperazinium) with sulfonamide anions (TFSI, FSI).
  • Characterization of polymer electrolytes and their compatibility with lithium metal.
  • Ionic conductivity measurements at various temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high ionic conductivity of 5×10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 100 °C with pyrrolidonium ILs and LiFSI.
  • Demonstrated excellent reversible lithium metal plating and stripping at high current density and 40 °C.

Conclusions:

  • Piperazinium-based poly(ionic liquid)s are effective solid polymer electrolytes.
  • These materials show significant promise for high-performance lithium metal batteries and energy storage devices.