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Lysogeny destabilizes computationally simulated microbiomes.

R Tucker Gilman¹, Mark R Muldoon², Spyridon Megremis^3,4

¹Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Ecology Letters

|June 26, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Temperate phages (lysogenic) can destabilize microbiomes, increasing bacterial population fluctuations. Virulent phages (lytic) prolong disturbance cycles, impacting microbiome stability and host health.

Keywords:

Anna Karenina Principle bacteriophage diversity lysogeny microbiome stability

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Area of Science:

Microbiome Ecology
Virology
Theoretical Ecology

Background:

Microbiome stability is crucial for host health.
Predators influence ecosystem stability, with phages being key bacterial predators.
Phages possess unique lysogenic life cycles, unlike classical predator models.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop formal theory on the impact of phage lysogeny on microbiome stability.
To investigate how temperate and virulent phages affect bacterial population dynamics.
To quantify the relationship between phage life cycles and ecosystem stability.

Main Methods:

Computational simulations of microbiomes with varying numbers of temperate and virulent phages.
Analysis of bacterial population fluctuations over time.
Assessment of recovery rates after simulated disturbances.

Main Results:

Increased temperate phage species correlated with higher bacterial population fluctuations.
Higher temperate phage species slowed the return of bacterial populations to pre-disturbance densities.
Increased virulent phage species led to slower dampening of disturbance-induced cycles.

Conclusions:

Lysogeny by temperate phages can destabilize microbiomes.
Phage predation, particularly lysogeny, significantly impacts microbiome dynamics.
This study provides the first formal ecological theory linking lysogeny to microbiome stability.