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Updated: Jun 23, 2025
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Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
Published on: December 31, 2013
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Sensation and expectation are embedded in mouse motor cortical activity
Brooke E Holey1, David M Schneider2
1Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Neuroscience Institute, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Cell Reports
|June 26, 2024
Summary
Neurons in the secondary motor cortex (M2) process sensory information and are shaped by expectation. This motor cortex region dynamically integrates self-generated sounds and predicts their acoustic consequences during behavior.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Motor Control
- Sensory Processing
Background:
- The motor cortex traditionally focuses on motor output.
- Motor cortices also interact with sensory systems during behavior.
- The role of secondary motor cortex (M2) in integrating sensory feedback is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if mouse secondary motor cortex (M2) neurons encode sensation.
- To determine if M2 activity is influenced by expectation during behavior.
- To elucidate the circuit mechanisms underlying sensory-motor integration in M2.
Main Methods:
- Closed-loop behavioral paradigms in mice.
- Large-scale electrophysiological recordings.
- Projection-pattern-specific neural recordings and circuit perturbations.
Main Results:
- M2 neurons exhibit significant sound-evoked activity when movements produce unexpected auditory feedback.
- Auditory responses in M2 are partially inherited from auditory cortex and reciprocally connected.
- M2 selectively gates off responses to predictable self-generated sounds, demonstrating expectation-based modulation.
- Population dynamics in M2 reflect the integration of sensory input and expectation signals.
Conclusions:
- Mouse secondary motor cortex (M2) neurons encode sensory information and are modulated by expectation.
- M2 plays a crucial role in the dynamic, reciprocal exchange of sensory-motor information during active behavior.
- These findings reveal that motor cortical activity is embedded with sensory and predictive signals.
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