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Classifying national drinking patterns in Europe between 2000 and 2019: A clustering approach using comparable
Daniela Correia1,2,3,4, Jakob Manthey5,6, Maria Neufeld1
1WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|June 26, 2024
Summary
European alcohol drinking patterns are stable and clustered by beverage type and drinker status. These patterns correlate with alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs, particularly in Eastern Europe.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Alcohol Research
Background:
- Previous European alcohol consumption patterns lack comparability and may be outdated.
- Economic and policy changes necessitate updated analyses of drinking behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify current European alcohol drinking patterns using comparable data.
- To analyze temporal changes in these patterns.
- To link drinking patterns to alcohol-related harm indicators.
Main Methods:
- Utilized World Health Organization alcohol exposure indicators.
- Applied hierarchical cluster analysis to country data from 2000-2019.
- Employed linear regression to analyze harm indicators (DALYs, deaths) in relation to clusters.
Main Results:
- Six stable clusters were identified, characterized by beverage type and drinker status (lifetime abstainers, current, heavy episodic drinkers).
- Most countries remained in their clusters over time; one cluster with low alcohol per capita consumption (APC) was unique to 2000.
- Drinking patterns significantly correlated with alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs, with higher mortality in Eastern European clusters.
Conclusions:
- European drinking patterns are primarily defined by beverage-specific consumption and drinker status.
- Clusters show overall stability but with some country-level shifts between 2000-2019.
- Geographical proximity influences drinking patterns, which are linked to significant health outcomes.
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