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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Impact of Novel Agents on Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic

Yutaka Yamamoto1, Mituhisa Nishimoto2, Yasunori Akashi3

  • 1Department of Urology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Japan; yamamotokindai@yahoo.co.jp.

Anticancer Research
|June 26, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The introduction of novel agents has improved outcomes for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Early treatment initiation at lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels is linked to better overall survival (OS).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Prostate Cancer Research
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • The treatment landscape for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has evolved with new therapies.
  • Limited data exist on how these novel agents impact patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes.
  • This study addresses the need to evaluate these changes in real-world practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of novel mCRPC agents on patient demographics and treatment strategies.
  • To compare outcomes between patients treated before and after the introduction of novel agents.
  • To identify factors influencing overall survival in mCRPC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of two cohorts of Japanese mCRPC patients (2009-2014 and 2015-2019).
  • Evaluation of 125 treatment-naïve mCRPC patients.
  • Multivariate analysis to identify prognostic factors for overall survival.

Main Results:

  • A significant shift in first-line treatment from docetaxel to androgen receptor axis-targeted agents (ARATs).
  • Expansion of the age range for patients receiving first-line treatment.
  • Improved overall survival (OS) in the later epoch (Epoch 2) compared to the earlier epoch (Epoch 1).
  • Low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at treatment initiation and Epoch 2 were independent prognostic factors for OS.

Conclusions:

  • Novel agents have improved prognosis and broadened treatment access for mCRPC patients across a wider age range.
  • Initiating mCRPC treatment at lower PSA levels is associated with improved OS.
  • Real-world data demonstrate the positive impact of recent therapeutic advancements in mCRPC.
Keywords:
EpochMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancernovel agents

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