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Extracellular Self-DNA Effects on Yeast Cell Cycle and Transcriptome during Batch Growth.

Emanuela Palomba¹, Maria Luisa Chiusano², Francesco Monticolo^2,3

¹Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources CNR, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy.

|June 27, 2024

Summary

Yeast exposed to self-DNA showed reduced growth and altered cell cycles, unlike yeast exposed to nonself-DNA. This study reveals insights into self-DNA inhibition mechanisms in yeast.

Keywords:

RNA-seq Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell growth self-DNA inhibition

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Yeast Genetics

Background:

Extracellular DNA can influence cellular processes.
Understanding self-DNA interactions is crucial for cell biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of extracellular self-DNA and nonself-DNA on yeast cell cycle and transcriptome dynamics.
To elucidate the mechanisms of self-DNA inhibition in yeast.

Main Methods:

Aerobic batch culture of yeast on glucose.
Cytofluorimetric analysis for cell cycle assessment.
RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) for transcriptome profiling.

Main Results:

Self-DNA treatment reduced growth rate, elongated the diauxic lag phase, and delayed stationary phase achievement.
Significant cell cycle changes observed with self-DNA: slower G0 exit and increased S phase percentage.
Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of transmembrane transport and upregulation of sulfur compound and pentose phosphate pathway genes with self-DNA.
Nonself-DNA exposure did not impact growth or cell cycle dynamics, but induced a nutrient deprivation response.

Conclusions:

Extracellular self-DNA significantly inhibits yeast growth and alters cell cycle progression.
Distinct transcriptomic responses differentiate self-DNA and nonself-DNA exposure in yeast.
Findings provide deeper understanding of self-DNA's inhibitory role in cellular functions.