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High-Frequency Vestibular Function Is Vulnerable to Presbyvestibulopathy.
Seonghoon Bae1, Jimin Yun2, Seungmin Kwak2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2024
Summary
High-frequency vestibular function declines with age, particularly after 70. Low-frequency tests show weak age correlation, suggesting a need to revise presbyvestibulopathy criteria.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neuroscience
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Presbyvestibulopathy (PVP) is defined as mild vestibular dysfunction in the elderly.
- Current diagnostic criteria use low-, mid-, and high-frequency vestibular function tests.
- Large-scale data on age-related vestibular function decline is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the correlation between specific vestibular function tests and aging in individuals over 50.
- To assess the impact of aging on different frequency ranges of vestibular function.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1043 subjects aged over 50 from a university hospital database.
- Exclusion of individuals with specific vestibular disorders or acute dizziness.
- Inclusion criteria: caloric canal paresis <20%, vHIT lateral canal gain >0.6, vHIT interaural difference <0.3.
Main Results:
- Significant negative correlations with age were found for head impulse testing (vHIT) and rotary chair test (RCT) 1.0 Hz gain.
- Caloric tests and RCT 0.12 Hz gain showed no significant correlation with age.
- Sub-normal vHIT gain prevalence was higher in those >70 years old compared to 60-69 year olds.
Conclusions:
- High-frequency vestibular function is notably affected by aging, especially after age 70.
- Low-frequency vestibular tests show a weak correlation with age, questioning current PVP diagnostic criteria.
- Revisiting diagnostic criteria for presbyvestibulopathy may be necessary based on age-related functional decline.
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