Effect of GLP-1RA Treatment on Adhesion Molecules and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Diabetic Patients with

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Marcin Hachuła1, Marcin Basiak1, Michał Kosowski1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduced key molecules (MCP-1, L-selectin) linked to monocyte recruitment in diabetes patients with atherosclerosis. This suggests a mechanism for GLP-1RA cardiovascular risk reduction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death, with atherosclerosis as a primary driver.
  • Diabetes mellitus exacerbates atherogenesis, partly through monocyte recruitment to the arterial intima.
  • Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) show promise in reducing cardiovascular risk for diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of GLP-1RA treatment on serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and L-selectin in diabetic patients with atherosclerotic plaque.
  • To explore potential mechanisms by which GLP-1RAs may reduce cardiovascular risk in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An interventional study involving 50 diabetes patients with atherosclerotic plaque treated with GLP-1RA for 180 days.
  • Measurement of serum MCP-1, ICAM-1, and L-selectin concentrations before and after treatment.
  • Assessment of anthropometric, glycemic, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters.

Main Results:

  • GLP-1RA treatment significantly improved anthropometric, glycemic, and blood pressure control, alongside liver steatosis markers.
  • Baseline levels of MCP-1, ICAM-1, and L-selectin were elevated in patients with atherosclerotic plaque compared to controls.
  • Post-treatment, MCP-1 and L-selectin levels significantly decreased (p < 0.001), while ICAM-1 levels significantly increased (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1RA treatment induces favorable changes in serum molecules involved in monocyte recruitment in diabetic patients with atherosclerosis.
  • The observed reduction in MCP-1 and L-selectin suggests a potential mechanism for GLP-1RA's cardiovascular benefits.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the clinical implications of these findings.

Keywords:
GLP-1 receptor agonistICAM-1MCP-1atherosclerosisdiabetes mellitusdulaglutidesemaglutide

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