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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

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Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis.

Elisabetta Tozzi1, Luca Olivieri1, Pamela Silva1

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Studies of L'Aquila, 67010 L'Aquila, Italy.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT) in children is often underdiagnosed but typically resolves naturally. This review explores its link to migraine and developmental outcomes.

Keywords:
children periodic syndromemigraine geneticstorticollis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Episodic Syndromes
  • Vestibular Disorders

Background:

  • Benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT) is an episodic syndrome often affecting infants and young children.
  • It is frequently underdiagnosed due to its benign course and requires careful differential diagnosis.
  • BPT is classified under 'episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine' per the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the natural history of benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT).
  • To update knowledge on the association between BPT and migraine.
  • To review BPT's evolution, etiology, and developmental impact.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature published between 1968 and 2024.
  • Searches conducted on PubMed and Web of Science databases.
  • Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines.

Main Results:

  • 113 articles were identified, with 25 ultimately included in this review.
  • Studies examined BPT's evolution, cognitive and motor development, and etiology (genetic and non-genetic).
  • The relationship between BPT and various migraine types (with/without aura, vestibular, hemiplegic) and paroxysmal vertigo was analyzed.

Conclusions:

  • Benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT) is a recognized episodic syndrome with a generally favorable prognosis.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex relationship between BPT and migraine disorders.
  • Understanding BPT's natural course is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in pediatric populations.