Exploring Host Resistance against Chilli Leaf Curl Disease in a Tolerant Chilli Genotype

Area of Science:

• Plant Pathology
• Entomology
• Genetics

Background:

• Leaf curl disease is a major threat to hot pepper production in tropical regions.
• The disease is primarily caused by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)-transmitted begomoviruses, notably chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV).
• Multiple begomoviruses can contribute to the disease, complicating management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the resistance of the Capsicum annuum line DLS-Sel-10 against chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV).
• To compare the resistance level, stage, and nature of DLS-Sel-10 with a susceptible cultivar (Phule Mukta).
• To evaluate DLS-Sel-10's potential as a host for the whitefly vector.

Main Methods:

• Field screening of Capsicum annuum lines to identify tolerant sources.
• Infection assays with ChiLCV on DLS-Sel-10 and susceptible cultivars at different growth stages.
• Insect feeding assays to assess whitefly preference for DLS-Sel-10 versus susceptible cultivars.

Main Results:

• DLS-Sel-10 displayed reduced ChiLCV infection and remained symptomless, unlike the susceptible cultivar Phule Mukta.
• Resistance in DLS-Sel-10 increased with plant age, from seedling to fruiting stages.
• Whiteflies showed a lower preference for feeding on DLS-Sel-10 compared to Phule Mukta.

Conclusions:

• DLS-Sel-10 exhibits significant tolerance to ChiLCV, coupled with reduced attractiveness to whitefly vectors.
• The age-dependent increase in tolerance suggests a promising strategy for chilli leaf curl disease management.
• DLS-Sel-10 represents a valuable genetic resource for developing resistant chilli varieties.