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First Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii-Specific Filamentous Phages.

Jelena Narancic1, Damir Gavric1, Rok Kostanjsek2

  • 1PK Lab., Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.

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|June 27, 2024
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Summary

Filamentous phages in Acinetobacter baumannii impact bacterial traits. These phages reduce biofilm formation and increase antibiotic sensitivity, offering new insights into managing this pathogen.

Keywords:
Acinetobacter baumanniiantibiotic susceptibilitybiofilmefflux pumpfilamentous phagegrowth kineticstwitching motility

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Filamentous bacteriophages (order Tubulavirales, family Inoviridae) influence Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Filamentous phages of key pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Acinetobacter baumannii filamentous phages for the first time.
  • To determine the impact of these phages on bacterial virulence and antibiotic resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of filamentous phages in A. baumannii strains and culture collections.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to classify new phage genera.
  • Isolation and characterization of selected bacteriophages.
  • Assessment of phage effects on bacterial motility, capsule production, growth kinetics, biofilm formation, and antibiotic sensitivity.
  • Analysis of efflux pump gene expression post-infection.

Main Results:

  • Filamentous phages were identified in 15.3% of A. baumannii strains and 23.8% of culture collection strains.
  • Phylogenetic analysis identified 12 new genera within the Inoviridae family.
  • Isolated phages exhibited Inoviridae characteristics but were non-plaque-forming.
  • Phage infection significantly reduced biofilm formation and increased antibiotic sensitivity.
  • A decrease in efflux pump expression was observed, potentially explaining reduced antibiotic resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Filamentous phages are prevalent in A. baumannii and represent novel genera within Inoviridae.
  • These phages modulate A. baumannii virulence, notably reducing biofilm formation and enhancing antibiotic susceptibility.
  • Decreased efflux pump expression is a likely mechanism for increased antibiotic sensitivity.