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Evaluation of genetic association between celiac disease and type 1 diabetes

Sayyad Malekahmadi1, Nastaran Asri2, Flora Forouzesh1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran MedicalSciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
|June 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study found increased TNF-α mRNA in celiac disease (CD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and comorbid CD/T1D patients. These immune markers may help diagnose these autoimmune conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Autoimmune Disorders

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) are chronic autoimmune disorders sharing common genetic factors.
  • Investigating shared immune dysregulation is crucial for understanding and managing these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore immune regulation differences in patients with CD, T1D, and both conditions.
  • To identify potential immune biomarkers for distinguishing these patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2, and CTLA4 in peripheral blood.
  • Included patients with CD, T1D, comorbid CD/T1D, and healthy controls (HCs).

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased TNF-α mRNA levels were observed in CD, T1D, and CD/T1D patients compared to HCs.
  • CTLA4 mRNA levels were significantly decreased, and IL-2 mRNA levels were increased in CD and CD/T1D patients versus HCs.
  • No significant differences in IL-6 mRNA expression were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • TNF-α mRNA shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for CD, T1D, and comorbid CD/T1D.
  • Findings enhance understanding of shared mechanisms in CD and T1D, aiding diagnostic and therapeutic advancements.
Abstract

Keywords:
Celiac diseaseTumor necrosis factorType 1 diabetesmRNA expression

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