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Highly sensitive salinity sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer with double-C fiber.

Ya-Nan Zhang1, Like Li1, Jincheng Zhao1

  • 1College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.

Fundamental Research
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel, low-cost optical fiber salinity sensor. The compact Mach-Zehnder interferometer design offers high sensitivity for accurate salinity measurements.

Keywords:
Double-C fiberMach-Zehnder interferometerMicrofluidic channelOptical fiber sensorSalinity sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensing
  • Optical Fiber Technology
  • Environmental Monitoring

Background:

  • Accurate salinity measurement is crucial for various applications, including environmental monitoring and industrial processes.
  • Existing optical fiber salinity sensors often face challenges with liquid handling and integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a highly sensitive, compact, and low-cost optical fiber salinity sensor.
  • To address limitations in microstructured optical fiber sensor design, particularly concerning liquid filling and replacement.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer sensor using a single mode fiber (SMF) - no-core fiber (NCF) - double-C fiber (DCF) - NCF-SMF structure.
  • Preparation of the DCF by etching a dual side-hole fiber with hydrofluoric (HF) acid to create large microfluidic channels.
  • Experimental characterization of the sensor's performance in salinity measurement.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated sensor demonstrated a high salinity sensitivity of -2.26 nm/‰ within the 10‰-50‰ salinity range.
  • The sensor design effectively overcomes previous challenges associated with liquid filling and replacement in microstructured optical fibers.
  • Experimental validation confirmed the sensor's suitability for high-sensitivity salinity detection.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed optical fiber salinity sensor offers a promising solution for accurate and cost-effective salinity monitoring.
  • The sensor's unique DCF structure with large microfluidic channels enhances practicality and performance.
  • The sensor exhibits excellent repeatability, hysteresis, reversibility, and stability, making it suitable for real-world applications.