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A CASE OF HYPONATREMIA DUE TO PITUITARY METASTASIS OF LUNG CANCER
I Taskaldiran1, P Gokbulut1, G Koc1
1Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey.
Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)
|June 27, 2024
Summary
Hyponatremia, a common electrolyte issue, can be caused by rare conditions like small cell lung cancer metastasizing to the pituitary gland. This case highlights the importance of thorough investigation for complex hyponatremia causes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Hyponatremia is a frequent electrolyte disturbance with diverse etiologies.
- Metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) can present with endocrine dysfunction.
Observation:
- A 68-year-old male presented with severe hyponatremia (113 mmol/L).
- Initial symptoms included fever and cough, initially suspected as pneumonia.
- Investigations revealed central adrenal insufficiency and hypothyroidism, prompting pituitary MRI.
Findings:
- Pituitary MRI demonstrated a hypothalamic and pituitary mass.
- Chest CT identified a lung mass, later diagnosed as SCLC via biopsy.
- Possible causes of hyponatremia included SIADH, secondary adrenal insufficiency, and hypothyroidism due to pituitary metastasis.
Implications:
- This case underscores the complex interplay between SCLC and endocrine abnormalities.
- Thorough evaluation of hyponatremia is crucial to avoid missing critical diagnoses.
- Metastatic SCLC to the hypothalamus-pituitary axis is a rare but significant cause of electrolyte imbalances.
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