Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2025
Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer
Published on: February 12, 2017
A CASE OF HYPONATREMIA DUE TO PITUITARY METASTASIS OF LUNG CANCER
I Taskaldiran1, P Gokbulut1, G Koc1
1Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey.
Context:
Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality.
Objective:
We report a patient who presented with hyponatremia and diagnosed as small cell lung cancer metastatic to hypothalamus and pituitary.
Case Report:
A 68 year old male patient was admitted with fever and cough and pneumonia was considered. Serum sodium level was 113 mmol/L. Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) is considered. Thyroid function tests and cortisol levels pointed out a central deficiency in both axes. Pituitary MRI was performed and a hypothalamic and pituitary mass were observed. Prednisolone therapy was started followed by L thyroxine replacement. A chest computer tomography (CT) was taken 2 weeks later revealed a mass lesion. Bronchoscopic biopsy was performed and histopathological diagnosis of the tumor was reported as small cell lung cancer.
Result:
Many mechanisms were considered as the cause of hyponatremia in our patient. SIADH, secondary adrenal insufficiency and secondary hypothyroidism due to pituitary metastasis are possible causes.
Conclusion:
The reason of hyponatremia is sometimes complex. When the underlying causes of hyponatremia are not evaluated in detail, many diagnoses can be missed.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
02:30Metastasis
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
01:24Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
01:29Disorder of Water Balance
Dehydration
Dehydration occurs when the body loses fluids (particularly water).
Causes:
The major causes of dehydration include excessive sweating, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and diuresis.
Signs and Symptoms:
Symptoms primarily include intense...
01:25Regulation of Water Intake
01:28Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations: