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Extracting metal ions from basic oxygen steelmaking dust by using bio-hydrometallurgy
Ipek Tezyapar Kara1, Victoria E Huntington1, Nuannat Simmons1
1Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK.
Heliyon
|June 27, 2024
Summary
This study optimized metal extraction from hazardous steelmaking dust using bioleaching and chemical methods. Chemical leaching proved most effective for overall metal recovery, while bioleaching showed promise for rare earth elements.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Metallurgy
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Basic oxygen steelmaking dust (BOS-D) is a hazardous secondary source containing valuable metals.
- Efficient and sustainable metal extraction methods are crucial for waste valorization and resource recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize metal extraction from BOS-D using bioleaching and chemical leaching.
- To compare the efficiency of different leaching methods and evaluate scale-up potential.
- To investigate the recovery of various metals, including rare earth elements (REEs).
Main Methods:
- Comparison of batch bioleaching (using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans), chemical leaching (choline chloride-ethylene glycol), and hybrid approaches.
- Evaluation of a semi-continuous bioleaching column system with leachate recirculation over 21 days.
- Analysis of metal concentrations (Y, Ce, Nd, Li, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, Al) in the leachate.
Main Results:
- Bioleaching outperformed controls within 3 days in batch systems.
- Chemical leaching dissolved over 50% of metals within 2 hours at 12.5% (w/v) solid concentration.
- Both bioleaching and hybrid methods showed higher REE extraction than chemical leaching, but chemical leaching was most effective overall.
- Semi-continuous column leaching reached 39% extraction efficiency, with recirculation rates not affecting the outcome.
Conclusions:
- Chemical leaching is the most effective method for overall metal extraction from BOS-D due to its efficiency and ease of use.
- Bioleaching demonstrates significant potential for metal recovery, particularly for REEs.
- Further research is needed to enhance permeability and optimize parameters like aeration for large-scale bioleaching systems.
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