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Updated: Jun 22, 2025
Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
Published on: October 20, 2012
Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical wound infections in clean and clean-contaminated surgery: an updated systematic
Xiao-Fei Tang1, Xiang Bin2, Ke-Yi Qu3
1Department of Pharmaceutical, Fengdu People's Hospital, Chongqing.
Background:
The efficacy and necessity of prophylactic antibiotics in clean and clean-contaminated surgery remains controversial.
Methods:
The studies were screened and extracted using databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials.gov according to predefined eligibility criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of preoperative and postoperative prophylactic antibiotic use on the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing any clean or clean-contaminated surgery.
Results:
A total of 16 189 participants in 48 RCTs were included in the primary meta-analysis following the eligibility criteria. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for SSI with antibiotic prophylaxis versus placebo was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.53-0.68). The pooled OR among gastrointestinal, oncology, orthopedics, neurosurgery, oral, and urology surgery was 3.06 (95% CI: 1.05-8.91), 1.16 (95% CI: 0.89-1.50), 2.04 (95% CI: 1.09-3.81), 3.05 (95% CI: 1.25-7.47), 3.55 (95% CI: 1.78-7.06), and 2.26 (95% CI: 1.12-4.55), respectively. Furthermore, the summary mean difference (MD) for patients' length of hospitalization was -0.91 (95% CI: -1.61, -0.16). The results of sensitivity analyses for all combined effect sizes showed good stability.
Conclusion:
Antibiotics are both effective, safe, and necessary in preventing surgical wound infections in clean and clean-contaminated procedures, attributed to their reduction in the incidence of surgical site infections as well as the length of patient hospitalization.
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