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Related Concept Videos

Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

74
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
74
Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

102
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates in the Texas Prison System.

Jacques Baillargeon1,2, Lannette C Linthicum3, John S Pulvino2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA.

Journal of Correctional Health Care : the Official Journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The case fatality rate (CFR) for COVID-19 was lower in the Texas prison population compared to the non-incarcerated population. However, further research is needed to understand the reasons for this difference in infection fatality rates.

Keywords:
COVID-19case fatality ratecorrectional health careprisons

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Correctional Healthcare

Background:

  • The case fatality rate (CFR) is crucial for assessing infectious agent lethality in correctional settings.
  • Incarceration has been linked to increased COVID-19 incidence and mortality.
  • Comparing CFRs helps understand disease impact across different populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality rates between the Texas prison and non-incarcerated populations.
  • To analyze the case fatality rate (CFR) in incarcerated versus non-incarcerated individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Analysis of age-adjusted mortality data for COVID-19 cases.
  • Comparison of CFR between Texas prison and non-incarcerated populations (January 2020 - December 2021).

Main Results:

  • The Texas prison population exhibited a substantially lower age-adjusted CFR for COVID-19 compared to the non-incarcerated population across study periods.
  • Age-adjusted mortality rates due to COVID-19 differed between the two populations.

Conclusions:

  • While the Texas prison population showed a lower COVID-19 CFR, definitive conclusions are limited by unmeasured confounding factors like comorbidities and disease severity.
  • Future research should investigate health system factors influencing infectious disease outcomes in correctional facilities.