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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
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In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

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An epigenetic editor to silence genes.

Madelynn N Whittaker1, Kiran Musunuru1

  • 1Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel editor class enhances gene editing delivery, durability, tunability, and safety. This breakthrough offers improved precision and reliability for various research applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Gene editing technologies are crucial for biological research and therapeutic development.
  • Existing editors face limitations in delivery efficiency, operational stability, and precise control.
  • The need for advanced editor systems with enhanced performance characteristics is evident.

Discussion:

  • A newly developed editor class demonstrates significant improvements over previous technologies.
  • Enhanced delivery mechanisms ensure more efficient and targeted application of the editor.
  • Improved durability and tunability allow for greater adaptability and control in experimental settings.
  • Safety profiles are notably advanced, reducing off-target effects and increasing usability.

Key Insights:

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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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  • The new editor class offers superior performance in key areas: delivery, durability, tunability, and safety.
  • This advancement facilitates more complex and reliable genetic manipulations.
  • Potential applications span basic research, drug discovery, and therapeutic interventions.

Outlook:

  • Further optimization of this editor class could unlock new therapeutic strategies.
  • Wider adoption in research labs is expected due to enhanced performance and safety.
  • Future work may focus on expanding the range of targetable sequences and applications.