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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR
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Identification of Sleeping Beauty Transposon Insertions in Solid Tumors using Linker-mediated PCR

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Targeting transposable elements in cancer: developments and opportunities.

Zi-Yu Wang1, Li-Ping Ge1, Yang Ouyang1

  • 1Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transposable elements (TEs) are crucial in cancer. New therapies targeting TEs, like reverse transcriptase inhibitors, show promise for enhanced cancer treatment when combined with current methods.

Keywords:
Cancer progressionCancer therapyTechnology advanceTransposable elementsTumor immunity

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Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
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Transposon Mediated Integration of Plasmid DNA into the Subventricular Zone of Neonatal Mice to Generate Novel Models of Glioblastoma
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Transposable elements (TEs) constitute nearly 50% of the human genome.
  • Historically viewed as 'genomic junk,' TEs are now recognized for their significant roles in biological processes, including cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in detecting transposable elements (TEs).
  • To explore the multifaceted roles of TEs in tumorigenesis and immune regulation.
  • To discuss emerging diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting TEs in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary research integrating long-read sequencing, computational analytics, single-cell sequencing, proteomics, and CRISPR-Cas9 technologies.
  • Analysis of altered TE patterns (LINE-1, Alus, LTRs) in cancer.
  • Examination of TE-derived nucleic acids and tumor antigens in cancer immunity.

Main Results:

  • TE regulatory disruptions are linked to cancer development.
  • Altered TE activity influences both tumorigenic and tumor-suppressive mechanisms.
  • TE-derived molecules play critical roles in bridging innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Transposable elements are key players in cancer progression and immunity.
  • TE-targeted therapies, including reverse transcriptase inhibitors and epigenetic modulators, offer novel treatment avenues.
  • Combining TE-focused strategies with existing cancer therapies may improve treatment efficacy.