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Related Experiment Videos

Sensorimotor perineuritis--an autoimmune disease?

C N Bourque, B A Anderson, C Martin del Campo

    The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sensory perineuritis, a rare nerve disorder, involves painful neuropathy. This case study reveals sensorimotor dysfunction and suggests immune-mediated perineurial cell damage as a cause.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Immunology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • The literature previously described sensory perineuritis based on a single case series from 1972.
    • The condition was characterized by painful, distal sensory neuropathy with perineurial thickening and inflammation on nerve biopsy.

    Observation:

    • A patient presented with sensorimotor peripheral nerve dysfunction and progressive slowing of nerve conduction velocity.
    • Sural nerve biopsy revealed perineurial thickening, inflammatory infiltrates, perineurial cell necrosis, and IgG/IgM deposition.
    • Ultrastructural examination showed mononuclear cells adjacent to necrotic perineurial cells.

    Findings:

    • The patient exhibited sensorimotor neuropathy with evidence of immune-mediated damage to perineurial cells.
    • Immunohistology confirmed immunoglobulin deposition on perineurial cells, suggesting an autoimmune process.

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  • Nerve biopsy findings included perineurial cell necrosis and scarring.

    • Implications:

    • This case expands the understanding of perineuritis to include sensorimotor involvement.
    • The findings suggest perineuritis may result from immune-mediated destruction of perineurial cells, compromising the nerve barrier.
    • Steroid therapy showed partial improvement, supporting an inflammatory or immune basis for the neuropathy.