[Prophylactic surgery for hepatic and biliary tumors].

Area of Science:

• Hepatobiliary surgery
• Surgical oncology
• Gastroenterology

Context:

• Benign liver and biliary tract tumors are uncommon.
• Some benign tumors necessitate surgical intervention to mitigate malignant transformation risks.

Purpose:

• To outline the surgical management of rare benign liver and biliary tract tumors.
• To detail treatment strategies for various tumor types, including those with malignant potential.

Summary:

• Surgical options for biliary tract tumors with malignant potential include hepatic resection (for mucinous cystic neoplasm, ciliated hepatic foregut cysts) and biliary resections (for biliary papillary neoplasm, choledochal cysts types I and IV).
• Prophylactic cholecystectomy is indicated for polyps >10 mm, porcelain gallbladder, and pancreaticobiliary maljunction.
• Hepatocellular adenoma >5 cm, in males, or with beta-catenin exon 3 mutation warrants prophylactic hepatic segmentectomy.

Impact:

• Provides a guide for surgical decision-making in rare hepatobiliary pathologies.
• Aims to improve patient outcomes by addressing tumors with malignant potential.
• Highlights the importance of timely surgical intervention for specific benign liver and biliary conditions.