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Substance Use in Pregnancy and its Association With Cardiovascular Events.

Kari Evans1, Pensée Wu2, Mamas A Mamas2

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Pregnant women with substance use face higher risks of cardiovascular events and maternal mortality during delivery. Increased surveillance for these conditions is crucial for affected individuals.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular (CV) events and substance use are rising among pregnant women in the U.S.
  • The link between substance use during pregnancy and CV events is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal substance use and acute CV events during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample data (2004-2018) for delivery hospitalizations.
  • Stratification based on presence or absence of substance use.
  • Multivariable logistic regression to examine associations with primary (acute CV events) and secondary outcomes (major adverse cardiac events, maternal mortality).

Main Results:

  • Substance use was linked to increased odds of CV events (aOR: 1.61), major adverse cardiac events (aOR: 1.53), and maternal mortality (aOR: 2.65).
  • Amphetamine/methamphetamine use showed the strongest association with CV events (aOR: 2.71).
  • Most substances, excluding cocaine and cannabis, were significantly associated with maternal death.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal substance use is strongly associated with acute CV events and mortality during delivery hospitalizations.
  • Pregnant women with substance use require heightened monitoring for CV complications.