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Shared Genetic Influences Between Loss-of-Control Eating and Body Mass Index in Adolescent Twins.

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Adolescent loss-of-control (LOC) eating shows moderate heritability in both sexes. Genetic factors influence LOC eating and BMI, particularly in boys, suggesting shared genetic risks for these conditions.

Keywords:
body mass index z‐scoreheritabilityloss‐of‐control eatingtwins

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Pediatric Obesity
  • Eating Disorders

Background:

  • Loss-of-control (LOC) eating in children and adolescents is linked to higher BMI and predicts future obesity and binge-eating disorder.
  • The genetic and environmental underpinnings of pediatric LOC eating, and its relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI), remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic and environmental influences on LOC eating in adolescents.
  • To examine the shared genetic influences between LOC eating and BMI in an adolescent twin sample.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 897 adolescent twins (499 monozygotic, 398 dizygotic) from the Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence Study.
  • Assessed LOC eating dichotomously and converted self-reported height and weight to BMI z-scores (BMIz).
  • Employed univariate and bivariate twin modeling to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to LOC eating and BMIz.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent girls (21%) reported LOC eating more frequently than boys (9%).
  • Genetic factors explained 51% of the variance in LOC eating for girls and 54% for boys.
  • A significant genetic correlation (0.45) was found between LOC eating and BMIz in boys, indicating shared genetic influences.

Conclusions:

  • LOC eating in adolescence is moderately heritable, with unique environmental factors also playing a role.
  • Shared genetic factors contribute to both LOC eating and BMI in adolescent boys.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering genetic predispositions in understanding and addressing pediatric LOC eating and obesity.