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Multiple Functional Bonds Integrated Interphases for Long Cycle Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Yongsheng Huang1, Qingqing Zhang1, Xiao-Guang Sun2

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.

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Summary

Researchers developed a new electrolyte additive strategy for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) using succinonitrile, NaPF6, and FEC. This approach enhances interfacial stability, significantly improving long-term cycling performance and capacity retention in SIBs.

Keywords:
Interface stabilityMultiple functional bondsSodium-ion batteriesSolvation structureTriple-coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising for grid storage but suffer from poor electrode/electrolyte interfacial stability.
  • Electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution lead to rapid performance degradation in SIBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for regulating the electrode/electrolyte interphase in SIBs.
  • To improve the long-term cycling stability and performance of SIBs.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of multiple functional bonds via triple-coupling of succinonitrile (SN), sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6), and fluorinated ethylene carbonate (FEC).
  • Theoretical calculations and experimental validation of electrolyte solvation structure and interfacial layer formation.
  • Postmortem analysis of interface chemistry using multiple characterization methods.

Main Results:

  • Reconfiguration of Na+ and ClO4- solvation structures, leading to increased Na+-FEC coordination and weakened Na+-PC interaction.
  • Formation of a conformal interfacial layer composed of sodium oxynitrides (NaNxOy), sodium fluoride (NaF), and phosphorus oxide compounds (NaPxOy).
  • A 3 Ah pouch full cell (hard carbon//NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2) achieved 90.4% capacity retention after 1000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrolyte formulation with integrated functional bonds significantly enhances interfacial stability in SIBs.
  • This strategy effectively suppresses electrolyte decomposition and improves long-term cycling performance.
  • Provides a new avenue for designing advanced electrolytes for stable and durable SIBs.