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Comparative analysis of third-generation antipsychotics in first-episode schizophrenia: efficacy, safety, and
Valerio Ricci1, Alessandro Sarni1, Giovanni Martinotti2
1Department of Psychiatry, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano.
Background And Objectives:
Schizophrenia is a chronic, complex mental health disorder requiring effective management to mitigate its broad personal and societal impacts. This narrative review assesses the efficacy, effectiveness, and side effects of third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs) like aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, and cariprazine, focusing on their use in first-episode schizophrenia. These drugs aim to reduce side effects typical of earlier antipsychotics while more effectively addressing positive and cognitive symptoms.
Methods:
Our extensive literature review, using PubMed and Scopus , includes randomized controlled trials and observational studies, showing TGAs may match older antipsychotics in efficacy with fewer side effects, notably in reducing extrapyramidal symptoms and enhancing cognitive outcomes.
Results:
Aripiprazole appears effective in both acute and maintenance phases of schizophrenia, while brexpiprazole and cariprazine show potential in managing negative symptoms and improving social functioning, essential for patient recovery.
Conclusions:
This review emphasizes the need for personalized treatment and further research to fully determine the long-term benefits and safety of TGAs. These findings can inform clinical decisions and underline the ongoing need for innovation in schizophrenia pharmacotherapy.
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