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Identification and functional/structural analyses of large terpene synthases.

Daijiro Ueda1, Tohru Abe1, Masahiro Fujihashi2

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Japan.

Methods in Enzymology
|June 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Large terpene synthases (large-TSs) are a novel enzyme family. These enzymes uniquely synthesize sesquarterpenes, expanding the chemical diversity of terpenes.

Keywords:
Class IB terpene synthaseCrystal structureLarge terpeneSesquarterpene

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Natural Product Synthesis

Background:

  • Terpene synthases (TSs) are crucial for natural product biosynthesis.
  • A new family, large-TSs, has been identified, distinct from canonical TSs.
  • Large-TSs are the sole known enzymes capable of synthesizing sesquarterpenes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the novel large-TS enzyme family.
  • To detail methods for identifying and characterizing large-TSs.
  • To explore the potential of large-TSs in expanding terpene chemical space.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of novel large-TS enzymes.
  • Functional characterization of large-TS activity.
  • Structural analysis of large-TSs.
  • Description of enzymes involved in large-TS substrate biosynthesis.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of Bacillus subtilis terpene synthase (BsuTS) as the first large-TS.
  • BsuTS catalyzes the biosynthesis of a C35 sesquarterpene.
  • Large-TSs exhibit no sequence homology to Class I and II TSs.
  • Established methods for large-TS identification and analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Large-TSs represent a unique class of terpene-modifying enzymes.
  • The study of large-TSs offers significant potential for discovering new terpenes.
  • This work provides a foundation for future research into large-TSs and their applications.