Beyond the Focus on Individuals: Adding Environment Into the Redefined Successful Aging Paradigm.

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Environmental Psychology
• Public Health

Background:

• The successful aging (SA) model by Rowe and Kahn has been widely adopted but primarily focuses on individual attributes.
• Limited research has explored the crucial role of the environment in facilitating successful aging.
• Existing models may overlook environmental influences that contribute to or hinder SA, potentially exacerbating inequalities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To challenge and enrich current SA models by integrating both individual and environmental aspects.
• To propose a comprehensive framework for measuring SA that addresses inequalities among diverse older populations.
• To highlight the environmental facilitators that support SA, particularly for those not fitting traditional definitions.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical analysis and conceptual model development.
• Identification of key environmental dimensions influencing SA.
• Proposal of four novel measurement dimensions for SA.

Main Results:

• A proposed theoretical model incorporating individual and environmental factors for SA.
• Four proposed measurement dimensions: inclusivity of disadvantaged groups, culture-specific adaptation, environmental balance (physical/social), and lifecycle dynamics.
• Illustrative examples of environmental support for diverse older adults.

Conclusions:

• Current SA models require expansion to include environmental contexts for a more holistic understanding.
• The proposed multidimensional model offers a more equitable and comprehensive approach to measuring and promoting SA.
• This framework can guide future research, policy development, and practical interventions to support successful aging for all individuals.