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Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Model Surgical Training: Skills Acquisition in Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Placenta Using Realistic Simulators

Model Surgical Training: Skills Acquisition in Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation of Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Placenta Using Realistic Simulators

Published on: March 21, 2018

Monochorionic Twin Complications and Fetoscopic Interventions.

Juliana S Gebb¹, Nahla Khalek¹, Matthew T Whitehead²

¹Richard D. Wood Jr. Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3500 Civic Center Boulevard, 2nd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; General, Thoracic and Fetal Surgery, The Hub for Clinical Collaboration@CHOP, 3500 Civic Center Boulevard, 2nd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America

|June 29, 2024

Summary

Monochorionic twins face risks from placental connections, including twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Ultrasound screens for these, while MRI aids in detecting neurologic injury in these high-risk pregnancies.

Keywords:

Monochorionic pregnancy Selective fetal growth restriction Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence Twin reversed arterial perfusion Twin-twin transfusion syndrome

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Area of Science:

Perinatology
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

Monochorionic twins share a placenta, increasing risks of vascular anastomoses.
Complications include twin-twin transfusion syndrome, twin anemia-polycythemia sequence, selective fetal growth restriction, and twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence.
Neurologic injury is a significant concern in these pregnancies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review ultrasound findings for monochorionic twin complications.
To discuss management options for these complications.
To highlight the role of MRI in assessing neurologic injury in monochorionic twins.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on ultrasound and MRI in monochorionic twin pregnancies.
Analysis of imaging findings associated with specific complications.
Synthesis of management strategies and diagnostic roles.

Main Results:

Ultrasound is the primary screening tool for placental vascular anomaly complications.
MRI is crucial for evaluating neurologic complications, particularly in cases of suspected fetal compromise.
Specific imaging findings on ultrasound and MRI correlate with different adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

Effective screening and diagnosis of monochorionic twin complications rely on a combination of ultrasound and MRI.
Timely intervention based on imaging findings can improve outcomes.
Further research into advanced imaging techniques may enhance early detection and management.