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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

8.9K
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
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Characteristics of Fluids01:31

Characteristics of Fluids

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Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
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Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

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Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and...
1.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 13, 2026

A Freeze-Thawing Method to Prepare Chitosan-Polyvinyl alcohol Hydrogels Without Crosslinking Agents and Diflunisal Release Studies
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Review on Cutting Fluids: Formulation, Chemistry and Deformulation.

Jordan Bassetti1, Arnaud Poulesquen2, Christel Pierlot1

  • 1Centrale Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, Université d'Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide.

Journal of Oleo Science
|June 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review analyzes cutting fluid chemistry, formulation, and deformulation. Understanding ingredient roles and analytical methods can improve waste treatment and disposal of these essential industrial fluids.

Keywords:
analytical techniquescutting fluidsemulsion destabilizationformulationvegetable oil

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Cutting fluids are crucial industrial lubricants, coolants, and corrosion inhibitors.
  • Formulations range from simple oils to complex emulsions with surfactants and additives.
  • Environmental concerns drive a shift towards vegetable oils, necessitating antioxidant additives due to oxidation susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive chemical analysis of cutting fluid formulations and deformulation.
  • To elucidate the chemical roles of various components (oils, surfactants, additives) in fluid performance.
  • To explore methodologies for dissecting cutting fluid compositions and improve waste management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cutting fluid compositions, including mineral oils, vegetable oils, nonionic/anionic surfactants, and additives.
  • Detailed examination of deformulation processes involving phase separation (physical/chemical) and subsequent compound analysis.
  • Application of analytical techniques such as spectrometry and chromatography for chemical structure elucidation.

Main Results:

  • Identified key chemical compounds and their functions in lubricating, cooling, anti-wear, and anti-corrosion properties.
  • Outlined a two-step deformulation approach for analyzing complex emulsions.
  • Highlighted the necessity of antioxidants for vegetable oil-based cutting fluids.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive chemical knowledge of cutting fluid ingredients is vital for optimizing performance.
  • Effective deformulation techniques enable detailed analysis of fluid components.
  • Improved understanding of cutting fluid chemistry can lead to enhanced waste treatment and disposal strategies.