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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
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Stretchable and biodegradable plant-based redox-diffusion batteries.

Aiman Rahmanudin1,2, Mohsen Mohammadi1,2, Patrik Isacsson1,2,3

  • 1Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 602 21 Norrköping, Sweden. aiman.rahmanudin@liu.se.

Materials Horizons
|July 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a sustainable, plant-based redox-diffusion (RD) battery for wearable electronics. The design achieves high capacity and stretchability using biodegradable materials, reducing e-waste.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • Existing stretchable batteries rely on unsustainable materials and have limited capacity.
  • Increasing active material loading in conventional designs compromises mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an environmentally friendly and high-capacity stretchable battery using plant-based materials.
  • To decouple active material loading from electrode mechanical structure for improved performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized plant-based redox-active biomolecules and cellulose fibers for electrodes and membranes.
  • Incorporated a biodegradable elastomer for encapsulation.
  • Developed a stretchable ion-selective membrane for redox-diffusion (RD) process.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high active material loading while maintaining skin-like modulus and stretchability.
  • Demonstrated electrochemical and mechanical stability in the battery cell.
  • Successfully decoupled active material loading from mechanical electrode properties.

Conclusions:

  • The redox-diffusion (RD) battery concept offers a sustainable solution for wearable electronics.
  • Biodegradable components address e-waste and resource depletion concerns.
  • The design enables high-capacity, mechanically robust, and eco-friendly stretchable batteries.