Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathy: An Under-Recognized Entity
Anil M Philip1, Lina J George2, Anas N3
1Internal Medicine, Kuriakose Chavara Memorial Hospital, Nooranad, IND.
Cureus
|July 1, 2024
Summary
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) vasculopathy, a rare neurological complication, can follow herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in immunocompromised patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Vascular Neurology
Background:
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation can lead to vasculopathy, a serious neurological complication.
- This condition primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, presenting diagnostic challenges.
Observation:
- A 61-year-old male with VZV vasculopathy presented with herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
- Complications included meningoencephalitis and an acute infarct in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory.
Findings:
- Imaging demonstrated acute and chronic infarcts and left MCA wall thickening with enhancement.
- Treatment with intravenous acyclovir and oral prednisolone yielded modest clinical improvement.
Implications:
- VZV vasculopathy is an under-recognized cause of neurological deficits, particularly in immunocompromised populations.
- Prompt recognition and intervention are vital for managing VZV vasculopathy and improving patient prognosis.
Keywords:
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)herpes zoster ophthalmicusvaricella zoster vasculopathyvaricella-zoster virusvzv encephalitisMore Related Videos
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