Immunological crossroads: The intriguing dance between hepatitis C and autoimmune hepatitis

Delving into the immunological crossroads of liver diseases, this editorial explores the dynamic interplay between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). While HCV primarily manifests as a viral infection impacting the liver, previous studies unveil a captivating connection between HCV and the emergence of AIH. The dance of the immune system in response to HCV appears to set the stage for an intriguing phenomenon-an aberrant autoimmune response leading to the onset of AIH. Evidence suggests a heightened presence of autoimmune markers in individuals with chronic HCV infection, hinting at a potential overlap between viral and autoimmune liver diseases. Navigating the intricate terrain of viral replication, immune response dynamics, and genetic predisposition, this editorial adds a layer of complexity to our understanding of the relationship between HCV and AIH. In this immunological crossroads, we aim to unearth insights into the complex interplay, using a compelling case where AIH and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlapped following HCV treatment with direct-acting antivirals as background.