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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Standardized Hemorrhagic Shock Induction Guided by Cerebral Oximetry and Extended Hemodynamic Monitoring in Pigs
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Brain hemodynamics in septic patients.

Ilaria A Crippa1,2, Michele Salvagno3, Lorenzo Calabrò3

  • 1Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium - ilaria.alice.crippa@gmail.com.

Minerva Anestesiologica
|July 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sepsis-associated brain dysfunction (SABD) involves complex factors affecting brain blood flow and regulation. Understanding these cerebral hemodynamic changes is crucial for managing septic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Sepsis frequently causes brain dysfunction (SABD).
  • SABD arises from neuroinflammation, microglial activation, altered neurotransmission, and impaired cerebral circulation.
  • Cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations are key contributors to SABD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on brain hemodynamics in sepsis.
  • To discuss physiological and methodological aspects of cerebral blood flow regulation.
  • To provide guidance on non-invasive intracranial hemodynamics monitoring in septic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sepsis-associated brain dysfunction and cerebral hemodynamics.
  • Analysis of mechanisms affecting cerebral blood flow and its regulation.
  • Discussion of non-invasive monitoring techniques.

Main Results:

  • Altered brain perfusion in sepsis results from multiple factors including hypotension, vasoconstriction, impaired autoregulation, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • Disorders in brain perfusion and CBF regulation are common in human sepsis.
  • Intracranial hemodynamics monitoring shows potential clinical utility in managing septic patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral hemodynamic alterations are integral to sepsis-associated brain dysfunction.
  • Understanding these changes aids in clinical management.
  • Non-invasive monitoring offers a practical approach to assess and manage brain perfusion in sepsis.