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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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Survival Tree01:19

Survival Tree

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Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
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Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

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Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
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Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

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Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
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Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

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Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

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Phylogenetic Survival Analysis.

Arturo Torres Ortiz1, Louis Grandjean2

  • 1Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Phylogenetic analysis can predict how bacterial genomes evolve drug resistance. This method helps anticipate and prevent future resistance emergence in strains like Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Keywords:
Acquisition of drug resistanceAncestral StatesEvolutionary timeGenome-wide survival analysisHazardPhenotypesPhylogeneticsPredictionTraits

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

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A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Phylogenetic trees allow ancestral genome evaluation.
  • Understanding evolutionary potential aids in predicting future traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel genome-wide survival analysis.
  • To demonstrate its utility in predicting trait emergence using Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide survival analysis.
  • Phylogenetic tree construction.
  • Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis evolution.

Main Results:

  • The study demonstrates the potential of genome-wide survival analysis.
  • The technique can assess the evolutionary acquisition of polymorphisms.
  • Drug resistance emergence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is used as a case study.

Conclusions:

  • Genome-wide survival analysis is a powerful tool for evolutionary genomics.
  • Predicting and pre-empting key traits in circulating strains is feasible.
  • This approach has significant implications for managing infectious diseases.