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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Published on: July 19, 2007

Indirect neurogenesis in space and time.

¹School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia. s.thor@uq.edu.au.

Nature Reviews. Neuroscience

|July 1, 2024

Summary

Indirect neurogenesis, a key process in neural progenitor cell (NPC) development, drives brain expansion and complexity. This mechanism diversifies cell types and influences brain region size, impacting cognitive evolution.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) generate neurons and glia through direct or indirect neurogenesis during central nervous system (CNS) development.
Indirect neurogenesis involves cell division before differentiation, playing crucial roles in CNS development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the process of indirect neurogenesis in model species and humans.
To highlight the molecular genetic mechanisms controlling indirect neurogenesis.
To explore the developmental and evolutionary implications of indirect neurogenesis.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on neurogenesis.
Comparative analysis across model organisms and humans.
Discussion of molecular and genetic control mechanisms.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Cortical Neurogenesis: Transitioning from Advances in the Laboratory to Cell-Based Therapies

Published on: July 19, 2007

In vivo Postnatal Electroporation and Time-lapse Imaging of Neuroblast Migration in Mouse Acute Brain Slices

In vivo Postnatal Electroporation and Time-lapse Imaging of Neuroblast Migration in Mouse Acute Brain Slices

Published on: November 25, 2013

Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation

Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation

Published on: May 7, 2014

Main Results:

Indirect neurogenesis is not random and instructs cell generation, lineage expansion, and diversification.
Increased indirect neurogenesis may contribute to anterior CNS expansion and brain-region size modulation.
Indirect neurogenesis is implicated as an evolutionary driver for cortical folding and increased cognitive abilities.

Conclusions:

The selection between direct and indirect neurogenesis is a powerful tool for CNS evolution.
Indirect neurogenesis influences brain complexity, expansion, and cognitive evolution.
Understanding indirect neurogenesis is key to comprehending CNS development and evolution.