Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2025
06:06
Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response
Published on: November 10, 2023
1.4K
Cell death in bryophytes: emerging models to study core regulatory modules and conserved pathways
Fernanda Marchetti1, Ayelén Mariana Distéfano1, Maximiliano Cainzos1
1Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Annals of Botany
|July 2, 2024
Summary
Bryophytes offer valuable models for studying plant cell death. This review explores conserved regulated cell death (RCD) pathways in bryophytes, comparing them to angiosperms and highlighting evolutionary insights.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Regulated cell death (RCD) is crucial for plant development and stress response.
- Bryophytes, as early land plants, provide unique models for studying conserved RCD mechanisms.
- Understanding RCD in bryophytes offers insights into plant evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding bryophyte cell death pathways.
- To compare RCD mechanisms in bryophytes with those in angiosperms.
- To identify conserved core mechanisms and evolutionary perspectives of RCD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on bryophyte RCD.
- Comparative analysis of RCD pathways between bryophytes and angiosperms.
- Focus on conserved pathways and unique features in bryophyte RCD.
Main Results:
- Identified conserved RCD pathways analogous to angiosperms in the haploid gametophytic generation of bryophytes.
- Highlighted the potential of bryophytes for genetic studies of RCD.
- Raised key questions for future research on RCD from an evolutionary standpoint.
Conclusions:
- Bryophytes serve as valuable models for studying both developmental and stress-induced RCD.
- Conserved mechanisms in bryophyte RCD provide evolutionary insights.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the evolutionary trajectory of RCD pathways.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Overview of Cell Death
7.2K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.2K
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
5.6K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.6K
01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.5K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.5K
01:17The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.3K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.3K
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
3.4K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.4K
01:30Apoptosis
11.3K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.3K