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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Spectral Characteristics of Water-Soluble Rhodamine Derivatives for Laser-Induced Fluorescence.

Abhishek Ratanpara1, Myeongsub Kim2, Yeo Jun Kim3

  • 1Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.

Journal of Fluorescence
|July 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study characterizes rhodamine dyes for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques. Rhodamine B exhibits high diffusion into PDMS and significant temperature sensitivity, impacting its use in microfluidic applications.

Keywords:
Laser induced fluorescencePDMS diffusionRhodamineTemperature sensitivityWater-solublepH

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Area of Science:

  • Photochemistry and Photophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Rhodamine dyes are widely used fluorescent probes.
  • Understanding their photophysical properties is crucial for advanced applications.
  • Characterization is needed for optimizing performance in sensing and microfluidics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize seven water-soluble rhodamine derivatives.
  • To evaluate their suitability for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques, particularly thermometry and microfluidics.
  • To investigate their spectral, thermal, pH, and temporal fluorescence properties, as well as their absorption into PDMS.

Main Methods:

  • Absorption and emission spectroscopy (400-700 nm).
  • Temperature-dependent fluorescence measurements.
  • pH stability tests.
  • Fluorescence lifetime measurements.
  • Physicochemical absorption studies into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).

Main Results:

  • Rhodamine 110 showed minimal temperature sensitivity (-0.11%/°C), while Rhodamine B was most sensitive (-1.55%/°C).
  • Absorption spectra were temperature-independent; emission sensitivity arose from quantum yield changes.
  • Dyes showed no pH sensitivity, limiting their use as pH tracers.
  • Rhodamine B and Kiton Red 620 had shorter fluorescence lifetimes, unsuitable for temporal monitoring.
  • Rhodamine B exhibited the highest diffusion into PDMS microfluidic substrates.

Conclusions:

  • Rhodamine derivatives exhibit varied temperature sensitivities, impacting LIF thermometry applications.
  • Their lack of pH sensitivity restricts their use in pH sensing.
  • Fluorescence lifetime differences affect suitability for time-resolved measurements.
  • Rhodamine B's high PDMS absorption is a key consideration for microfluidic device integration.