Association between serum magnesium levels and cognitive function in patients undergoing hemodialysis

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Kazuhiko Kato1,2, Akio Nakashima3, Shunichiro Shinagawa4

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
|July 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Higher serum magnesium levels correlate with better cognitive function in hemodialysis patients. Other CKD-MBD markers like PTH and vitamin D showed no significant association with cognition.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The link between chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and cognitive impairment is not well understood.
  • CKD-MBD is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CKD-MBD markers and cognitive function in hemodialysis patients.
  • To explore the role of serum magnesium, PTH, 25-OHD, FGF-23, and α-klotho in cognitive health.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 390 hemodialysis patients aged 65 years or older without diagnosed dementia.
  • Cognitive function assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  • Serum levels of magnesium, intact PTH, 25-OHD, FGF-23, and soluble α-klotho were measured.

Main Results:

  • Patients with higher serum magnesium levels demonstrated significantly better MoCA and MMSE scores.
  • Unadjusted and adjusted analyses confirmed a positive association between high magnesium and preserved cognitive function.
  • No significant associations were found between cognitive function and intact PTH, 25-OHD, FGF-23, or soluble α-klotho.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated serum magnesium levels may be linked to preserved cognitive function in hemodialysis patients.
  • Serum magnesium is a potential factor influencing cognitive health in this population.
  • Other CKD-MBD markers studied do not appear to have a direct association with cognitive function.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorderCognitive functionHemodialysisMagnesiumMontreal Cognitive Assessment

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