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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Online Explorative Study on the Learning Uses of Virtual Reality Among Early Adopters
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Some Perceptions Differ, Match Outcomes Do Not: A Multisite Retrospective Cross-Sectional Comparison of Virtual vs.

Anjali J Das1,2,3, Anisha S Das4, Scott D Rothenberger4

  • 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. anjali.das@providence.org.

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Summary

Virtual residency interviews did not affect applicant diversity or match outcomes. Both faculty and applicants showed no strong preference for future interview formats, suggesting virtual interviews are a viable option.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Residency Recruitment
  • Virtual Interviewing

Background:

  • Virtual interviewing offers significant cost savings for residency programs.
  • The impact of virtual recruitment on residency match outcomes is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of virtual residency recruitment on program and applicant evaluations.
  • To determine the impact of virtual recruitment on residency match outcomes and diversity.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2020 to July 2021.
  • Participants included faculty interviewers and 2019-2020 PGY-1 residents from three internal medicine programs.
  • Surveys assessed interview format effectiveness, future format preferences, and perceived diversity impact.

Main Results:

  • Faculty perceived in-person interviews as superior for applicant assessment and selecting top candidates, but not for diversity.
  • Trainees were equally likely to match at their top choice regardless of interview format (virtual vs. in-person).
  • The racial/ethnic and gender composition of incoming classes did not differ between virtual and in-person interview cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • Virtual recruitment did not influence the diversity of matched residency classes or top-choice matching.
  • Neither faculty nor applicants demonstrated a significant preference for future interview formats after experiencing virtual interviews.
  • Institutions should consider the potential non-inferiority and benefits of virtual interviews for future recruitment strategies.