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Lipoprotein-X.

CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

|August 1, 1979

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lipoprotein-X (Lp-X) is a key indicator of cholestasis and is linked to familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency. This review details Lp-X

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Clinical Chemistry
Lipid Metabolism

Background:

Lipoprotein-X (Lp-X) is an abnormal lipoprotein detected in obstructive jaundice, serving as a sensitive marker for cholestasis.
Familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency shows an inverse correlation between plasma Lp-X levels and LCAT activity.
Lp-X is associated with the low-density lipoprotein fraction and can be visualized via electrophoresis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the characteristics, isolation, and clinical significance of Lipoprotein-X (Lp-X).
To explore the chemical composition, structure, and potential origins of Lp-X.
To discuss the diagnostic value and limitations of Lp-X determinations in cholestasis.

Main Methods:

Isolation of Lp-X using ultracentrifugation techniques.

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Visualization and characterization through electrophoresis (Agar, Agarose) and immunochemical procedures.

Analysis of chemical composition, particle structure via electron microscopy, and enzyme aggregation properties.

Main Results:

Lp-X is composed primarily of phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol, forming spherical particles with aggregating properties.
Potential origins of Lp-X involve the conversion of bile lipoprotein with albumin, and its catabolism may involve plasma phospholipases.
Immunochemical assays using purified antisera are available for Lp-X determination.

Conclusions:

Lipoprotein-X is a significant biomarker for cholestasis, with its levels inversely related to LCAT activity in familial LCAT deficiency.
Understanding Lp-X's composition, structure, and potential metabolic pathways provides insights into lipid metabolism disorders.
Further evaluation of Lp-X assays is crucial for optimizing its clinical utility in diagnosing and managing cholestatic conditions.