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A cross-sectional analysis of preterm birth incidence and survival in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia

Mshari Alghadier1, Muneera Alasraj1, Ragab Elnaggar1

  • 1From the Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences (Alghadier, Alasraj, Elnaggar), Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Maternal & Child Health Nursing (Zaghamir), College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Physical Therapy (Alazmi), from the Department of Quality (Aldawsari), from the Department of Hospital Administration (Alnadah), and from the Department of Pediatrics (Alqahtani), Maternity and Children's Hospital, Al Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics (Elnaggar), Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza; and from the Department of Pediatric Nursing (Zaghamir), Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Egypt.

Saudi Medical Journal
|July 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth (PTB) affects 3.9% of infants in Saudi Arabia, with a 7.19% overall mortality rate. Extremely low birth weight infants face a significantly higher mortality risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Perinatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Understanding preterm birth (PTB) prevalence and survival is crucial for healthcare planning and improving maternal and infant outcomes.
  • Effective healthcare strategies rely on accurate data regarding PTB rates and associated risks.
  • Monitoring long-term outcomes and guiding policy require comprehensive knowledge of PTB epidemiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and survival rates of preterm birth (PTB) in Saudi Arabia.
  • To inform healthcare planning, neonatal care, and maternal/infant health strategies.
  • To provide data for policy and advocacy efforts related to PTB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for preterm infants admitted to NICU at MCH, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia (2018-2022).
  • Data collected included birth weight, gestational age, mortality, length of stay, and maternal details.
  • Analysis focused on prevalence, mortality rates, and intrapartum complications.

Main Results:

  • Out of 9809 live births, 139 (3.9%) were preterm.
  • Overall mortality rate was 7.19%; for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, it was 38.4%.
  • Common intrapartum complications included malpresentation (15.1%), placental (4.3%), and cord complications (3.6%).

Conclusions:

  • The study offers key insights into PTB prevalence in Saudi Arabia.
  • Extremely preterm infants represent a particularly vulnerable population requiring focused attention.
  • Findings support the need for enhanced neonatal care and targeted interventions for high-risk preterm infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
NICUpremature birthpreterm birthprevalencesurvival rate

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