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Predicting COVID-19 Cases in Nursing Homes of California and Ohio: Does the Work Environment Matter?
Soumyadipta Roy1, Jamie E Collins, Leslie I Boden
1From the Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania (S.R., J.A.R.W.); Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (J.E.C., J.N.K.); Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (L.I.B.); Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (J.N.K.); Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (J.N.K.); Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (J.N.K., G.R.W.); and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (G.S.).
Objective:
The cross-sectional study evaluates if the prepandemic work environments in nursing homes predict coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases among residents and staff, accounting for other factors.
Method:
Leveraging data from a survey of California and Ohio nursing homes (n = 340), we examined if Workplace Integrated Safety and Health domains - Leadership, Participation, and Comprehensive and Collaborative Strategies predicted cumulative COVID-19 cases among nursing home residents and staff.
Results:
In Ohio, a 1-unit increase in Leadership score was associated with 2 fewer staff cases and 4 fewer resident cases. A 1-unit increase in Comprehensive and Collaborative Strategies score in California showed an average marginal effect of approximately 1 less staff case and 2 fewer resident cases.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that leadership commitment and interdepartment collaboration to prioritize worker safety may have protected against COVID-19 cases in nursing homes.
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