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Competitive interactions affect introgression and population viability amidst maladaptive hybridization.

Thomas Eric Reed1,2, Adam Kane3, Philip McGinnity1,2,4

  • 1School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences University College Cork Cork Ireland.

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|July 3, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Introgressive hybridization impacts wild populations, but outcomes depend on intruder competitiveness. Competitively inferior intruders cause little harm, while superior intruders amplify hybridization and maladaptation, threatening population viability.

Keywords:
adaptationcompetitive interactionsdemo‐geneticdensity dependencefisheries managementgene flowinvasion

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Conservation Genetics

Background:

  • Introgressive hybridization from released or escaped individuals challenges conservation.
  • Understanding variation in introgression impacts is crucial but poorly understood.
  • Soft selection, based on competitive ability for resources, is rarely considered in hybridization impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the influence of phenotype-dependent competition on eco-evolutionary dynamics during introgressive hybridization.
  • To assess how the competitiveness of invading genotypes affects wild populations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an eco-genetic model for populations experiencing genotype "intrusion".
  • Incorporated phenotype-dependent competition for limiting resources (e.g., breeding sites).
  • Simulated effects of varying intruder competitiveness, intrusion levels, and maladaptation.

Main Results:

  • Competitively inferior intruders had limited reproductive success, preventing significant introgression or population decline.
  • Competitively superior intruders amplified introgression and population maladaptation, negatively impacting population size and viability.
  • Results were sensitive to intrusion level, reproductive excess, heritability, and degree of maladaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotype-dependent competition critically mediates the impact of introgressive hybridization.
  • Interactions between competition and hybridization are vital for predicting effects of captive breeding and escaped domesticates.
  • Conservation and wildlife management must consider competitive interactions when assessing risks of hybridization.