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Related Experiment Video

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Effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention based on the ABC Approach in patients with TB.

A Ohkado1, A Querri1, J Bermejo2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis (RIT), Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose, Japan.

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|July 3, 2024
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Summary

The ABC Approach effectively reduced smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in TB patients in the Philippines. Tuberculosis treatment success rates remained high in both intervention and control groups.

Keywords:
The PhilippinesThe Unionpassive smokingtobaccotreatmenttuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Tobacco Control
  • Tuberculosis Research

Background:

  • Tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure are significant risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) development and poor treatment outcomes.
  • Effective smoking cessation interventions are crucial for TB patients to improve treatment success and reduce community transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of The Union's ABC Approach as a primary healthcare-level smoking cessation intervention for TB patients in an urban Philippine setting.
  • To assess the impact of the intervention on tobacco-smoking status, domestic SHS status, and TB treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental design was employed in Manila, Philippines, with an intervention group receiving the ABC Approach and a control group receiving routine health education.
  • Data on smoking status, domestic SHS status, and TB treatment outcomes were collected from 2,174 TB patients at multiple time points up to 12 months.
  • Statistical analysis included calculating odds ratios to compare outcomes between the intervention and control groups.

Main Results:

  • The intervention group demonstrated significantly lower odds of tobacco-smoking status (P < 0.001) and domestic SHS status (P < 0.01) compared to the control group.
  • Smoking rates were consistently lower in the intervention group, with a notable difference at Month 6 (3.9% vs. 8.7%).
  • TB treatment success rates were comparable between the groups, with 85.0% in the intervention group and 87.3% in the control group (P = 0.201).

Conclusions:

  • The ABC Approach is an effective smoking cessation intervention for TB patients in primary healthcare settings in the Philippines.
  • The intervention successfully reduced tobacco smoking and maintained low domestic SHS rates without negatively impacting TB treatment success.
  • Implementing such interventions can contribute to comprehensive TB control strategies by addressing co-morbid risk factors.