Effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention based on the ABC Approach in patients with TB
A Ohkado1, A Querri1, J Bermejo2
1Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis (RIT), Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose, Japan.
Public Health Action
|July 3, 2024
Summary
The ABC Approach effectively reduced smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in TB patients in the Philippines. Tuberculosis treatment success rates remained high in both intervention and control groups.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Tobacco Control
- Tuberculosis Research
Background:
- Tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure are significant risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) development and poor treatment outcomes.
- Effective smoking cessation interventions are crucial for TB patients to improve treatment success and reduce community transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of The Union's ABC Approach as a primary healthcare-level smoking cessation intervention for TB patients in an urban Philippine setting.
- To assess the impact of the intervention on tobacco-smoking status, domestic SHS status, and TB treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A quasi-experimental design was employed in Manila, Philippines, with an intervention group receiving the ABC Approach and a control group receiving routine health education.
- Data on smoking status, domestic SHS status, and TB treatment outcomes were collected from 2,174 TB patients at multiple time points up to 12 months.
- Statistical analysis included calculating odds ratios to compare outcomes between the intervention and control groups.
Main Results:
- The intervention group demonstrated significantly lower odds of tobacco-smoking status (P < 0.001) and domestic SHS status (P < 0.01) compared to the control group.
- Smoking rates were consistently lower in the intervention group, with a notable difference at Month 6 (3.9% vs. 8.7%).
- TB treatment success rates were comparable between the groups, with 85.0% in the intervention group and 87.3% in the control group (P = 0.201).
Conclusions:
- The ABC Approach is an effective smoking cessation intervention for TB patients in primary healthcare settings in the Philippines.
- The intervention successfully reduced tobacco smoking and maintained low domestic SHS rates without negatively impacting TB treatment success.
- Implementing such interventions can contribute to comprehensive TB control strategies by addressing co-morbid risk factors.
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